Outdoor Heaters - Safety Tips

Outdoor Heaters - Safety Tips

September 18, 2024

Ensuring Safe and Comfortable Outdoor Dining

A Guide to Using Outdoor Heaters

As restaurants adjust their outdoor dining spaces for cooler weather, outdoor heaters have become essential for keeping guests comfortable. By extending the dining season through fall and into winter, these heaters enable restaurants to maximize seating capacity. However, they also introduce important safety considerations that every restaurant owner must be aware of. Below, we’ve outlined key safety guidelines for selecting, operating, and storing outdoor heaters to help prevent accidents and minimize the risk of workers’ compensation claims.

Choosing the Right Outdoor Heater

Selecting a safe, reliable outdoor heater is the first step in ensuring the safety of your guests and staff. Here’s what to consider when making your selection:

  1. Certified Safety Standards
    Always choose a heater that has been tested and certified by a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory, such as UL (Underwriters Laboratories), to ensure it meets the highest safety standards.
  2. Fuel Type Options
    Decide whether you prefer a heater powered by natural gas, liquid propane, or electricity.
    • Natural gas and propane heaters typically provide more heat, but propane heaters require frequent tank refills.
    • Electric heaters are generally easier to set up and maintain but may not generate as much heat as gas or propane models.
  3. Key Safety Features
    When selecting a heater, look for these essential safety features:
    • A thermocouple or automatic gas shutoff feature for gas or propane heaters.
    • A tip-over switch or a heater with a wide, weighted base to prevent accidental tipping.
  4. Outdoor Durability
    Choose a heater that is specifically designed for outdoor use and capable of withstanding exposure to rain, snow, and fluctuating temperatures. An outdoor-rated heater will ensure safe and reliable operation in varying weather conditions. 

Using an Outdoor Heater Safely

Proper use and placement of outdoor heaters are key to ensuring the safety of both guests and staff. Follow these guidelines for safe heater operation: 

  1. Maintain Safe Clearance
    Make sure to leave ample space around the heater. Many manufacturers recommend a clearance of 2-3 feet but always refer to the specific product’s instructions. Heaters should never be placed near flammable materials or objects.
  2. Avoid High-Traffic Areas
    Place heaters away from foot traffic to prevent accidental collisions. According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), heaters should be positioned at least 5 feet away from exits to prevent any obstruction or risk of being knocked over by people entering or exiting.
  3. Propane Heater Usage
    Propane heaters are strictly for outdoor use. Never use them indoors, as propane produces carbon monoxide, which can be deadly in enclosed spaces.

Storing Propane Heaters Safely

Proper storage of propane heaters and tanks is crucial to prevent accidents. Follow these safety tips:

  • Never Store Propane Indoors
    Propane cylinders should never be stored indoors, especially in enclosed areas such as basements or garages. Storing propane indoors is not only hazardous, but it is also illegal.
  • Outdoor Storage Guidelines
    Propane tanks can be safely stored outdoors in a wide temperature range (-40°F to 120°F). During warmer months, store tanks in a shaded area to avoid excessive heat exposure.
  • Safety Measures for Propane Tanks
    • Never store a propane tank in a vehicle.
    • Always store tanks upright—never on their side.
    • Never attempt to repair a tank, regulator, or line. A damaged tank or gas line can lead to dangerous leaks, fires, or explosions.
    • If you smell gas (it will have a distinctive rotten egg odor) or hear a hissing sound near a propane tank, immediately turn off the valve, evacuate the area, and call emergency services.

By selecting the right heater, following safety protocols, and properly storing equipment, restaurants can create a safe and comfortable outdoor dining experience.

For additional safety tips and accident prevention strategies, visit our Resource & Education page or contact our safety specialist Ray Sullivan atraymonds@friedlandergroup.com.

Printable Safety Guide for Outdoor Heater Use - PDF